К.Малевич «Супрематическая композиция»	Александр Родченко «Танец»

GEOMETRICAL ABSTRACTIONISM

Geometrical shapes, colored planes, straight and broken lines are combined into non-figurative space, sometimes they are placed outside the illusory space. Rejection of linear perspective, of illusion of the depth of the picture.
Works: Kazimir Malevich, Piet Mondrian, Theo van Doesburg.

Пит Мондриан «Нью-Йорк»	Тео ванн Дусбург «Композиция»

NEO-EXPRESSIONISM (ABSTRACT SURREALISM)

The style combining the principles of abstract and figurative art. Variety of lines and shapes, colors and textures. An important role is played by the spontaneity of creativity, automatism. All works together to reveal the image. But there is no aim to facilitate the perception of the viewer. For example Georg Baselitz turned pictures upside down, it complicated as well the understanding of figurative forms in his paintings.
Representatives: Mark Rothko, Jackson Pollock. In Russian art Yevgeny Mikhnov-Voitenko. His art is excellent because of the deep spiritual search of Mikhnov-Voitenko who compared his art to the one of icon-painter. His inner eyesight was concentrated on the spiritual world and vision.

Евгений Михнов-Войтенко «Путь паломника».	Джексон Поллок «Маска»

NEO-POP-ART

Art producing explosive, shocking effect. Pop art appeared in the 1950s. in the UK, a little later developed in the US. Artists of this direction reproduce the typical objects of modern life (household articles, packaging of goods, pieces of interior, machine parts, etc.), popular printed images of stars, newspaper clippings. This is a product of consumption culture, fixing the signs of ephemeral reality (objects now are short-live). Often artist mock banality, glamour and pathos. Using these materials (a sort of second-hand) artist creates a new and abstract reality, encodes a message to society. .
The most famous artists of Pop Art: Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, Peter Blake. Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg and Andy Warhol.

Энди Уорхол «Мерилин Монро»	Питер Блейк «The Origins of Pop II»

OP-ART

Art of optical (visual) illusions. It is based on the specificity of the visual perception of plane and spatial figures. It's the optical play: artist wants to deceive or to stimulate the eye of the viewer. Thus, the viewer participates in the art-precessus. Mainly used: geometric shapes, optical effects (dazzle, divided images, a calculated exact location of shapes, colors, brightness and contrast.
Representatives Viktor Vazarelli, Bridget Riley.

Виктор Вазарелли «Арлекин»	Бриджит Райли «Loss»

CONCEPTUALISM

Intellectual art, mostly ironic, arosed on the opposite to commercial art. Conceptualism - a triumph of ideas over emotions. This idea becomes an aim combining work and study. Supporters of conceptualism leave creating artwork to the announcement through art-objects their ideas. Works are often presented in open areas. An important role is played by instruction to the art object, as it invites the spectator and the author to the dialogue. After watching viewers can produce their own concept different from the author’s. Concentration on idea as a fundamental characteristic of conceptualism allows us to put it in the context of abstract art in general.
The most famous artists of this trend: Joseph Kosuth (basic theoretical), Ilya Kabakov. Anna Hübler Douglas, Robert Barry.

Джозеф Кошут. «Один и три стула».	Илья Кабаков. «Каникулы».

INSTALLATION

A reality created by artists. Objects break limits of sculpture interacting with the space which are placed in (interactivity). Viewers can be involved in demonstration processbecoming participants not only visitors. The sense of some installations depends on how the audience interact with it. An installation can appeal to different senses, offering a complex of sensations (tactile, auditory, olfactory, visual emotions). It uses audio-visual equipment, any technology and innovation.
Artists Ilya and Emilia Kabakov, Mike Nelson.

Илья Кабаков «Человек, улетевший в космос из своей квартиры»	Майк Нельсон. «Стамбульский караван-сарай»

ABSTRACTION IN DESIGN

The area experienced the most massive and conceptual influence of abstract art in the twentieth century. Interior designers, manufacturers of furniture, household items, textiles were working over these ideas. Thanks to their interpretations we have the interior, which can be called modern. It embodies abstract ideas in 3d: color spots, smooth planes, metal details and constructions (heritage and development of constructivism, 1920-s), simplicity and utility as well. These interiors and objects are democratic, they do not dominate over a person, they create a comfortable environment.

ABSTRACTION IN FASHION

New fashion of the early twentieth century. It is also an experiment with form and color, it is a revolution in a person image, especially woman. We describe several most important steps. This, of course, a new geometric cut of Coco Chanel, simplicity and conciseness of the most famous works of Paul Poiret. Elsa Schiaparelli was the first designer who used the newspaper print, anticipated style of pop art long before it appearance.She also brought into fashion color shocking pink, previously have never been used in clothing. In the post-revolutionary Russian avant-garde works are used in the production of textiles, clothing and household items. It was a real incarnation of the avant-garde, vitally connected with abstract art (Lyubov Popova, Varvara Stepanova). Later discoveries and techniquesof op-art are used in clothing to create an optical effect, beneficial for the presentation of body (for example, in casual and sporty clothes. New forms, materials and colors give the woman a whole new image, which allowed to change the inner world and a social role of a woman; they find the economical autonomy and independence, political rights. Clothing is not only a means of decoration, but also a declaration. This is the base high fashion (Fashion Art, haute couture) appeared and developed on.

Работы Эльзы Скиапарелли	Работы Элис Палмер

ABSTRACTION IN ARTS AND CRAFTS

Different interpretations of abstract ideas in handmade things. Interior decorations in loft-style (as heir to constructivism), geometrism, color spots. Non-figurative in paintings on silk, textile design etc. Endless figures (pattern) can also be considered as abstract elements. Due to their ambiguity, repetition in different cultures and sacral character they are in fact the oldest examples of abstraction. It has always been a desire to encrypt message or statement in symbols (arcane signs, codes)

Кельтские узоры и орнаменты	Анастасия Беляева. Тарелка «Абстракция».

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«Тебе - ещё не родившемуся другу - посвящены мои работы. Они дадут тебе пищу. Они окрылят тебя»
Евгений Михнов-Войтенко

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